What t score is used to define osteoporosis?

A T-score less than -2.5 is used to define osteoporosis. This measurement is derived from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans, which assess bone mineral density (BMD). The T-score compares an individual's BMD to that of a healthy young adult, indicating how much lower the individual's BMD is from the average peak bone mass.

A T-score of -2.5 or lower signifies a significant decrease in bone density, pointing to an increased risk of fractures. It reflects the age-related decline in bone density and is a critical marker for diagnosing osteoporosis, guiding treatment decisions to prevent bone fractures and managing the condition effectively. Research supports the use of this threshold to categorize individuals for both epidemiological studies and treatment protocols, making it an established standard in assessing risk for osteoporosis.